The emergency rescue method of the machine room-less elevator, especially the rescue in these three extreme situations, is particularly important....
Emergency rescue method for elevator without machine room
The safe use of escalators has attracted more and more attention from the public and the media. Elevator failure and casualties are common in newspapers and elevator news and other media. The safety and reliability of elevators have increasingly become issues that we must pay attention. How to rescue passengers in an emergency situation in the elevator, avoid casualties caused by panic and irrational operation, and maximize the protection of passengers' personal safety and equipment safety is another major issue for further elevator safety work. For the machine room-less elevator, the traditional manual loose brake turning car cannot be used to operate the rescue, which makes the rescue of the machine room-less elevator much more complicated and difficult. Today we will talk about how to implement rescue without machine room elevator, especially in extreme cases.
regular emergency rescue method for 1. elevator without machine room
(I) mechanical release brake rescue device
According to the provisions of 12.5.1 in GB7588, "if the operating force required to move the car with rated load upward is not more than 400N, the elevator drive shall be equipped with manual emergency operation device". The operation process of the elevator without machine room is as follows: in the case of power failure, with the help of the brake release wrench on the main engine or in the emergency operation device, the main engine brake is mechanically opened, the car is moved by the imbalance between the car and the counterweight, and the position of the car is monitored through the observation window until it reaches the flat floor area to rescue personnel. The rescue work mainly depends on the unbalanced moment of the car and the counterweight. In the actual inspection process, great attention should be paid to whether the pull wire of the loose brake wrench in the emergency operation device and the loose brake of the main machine are reliably linked and basically synchronized.
(II) electric release brake rescue device
The difference between this method and the previous method is that the standby power supply is used to make the brake circuit conductive, and the iron core is attracted to open the brake. But the rescue work still depends on the unbalanced moment of the car and the counterweight. In the actual inspection process, great attention should be paid to the failure of the battery without electricity and the leakage of the battery electrolyte.
The above two rescue methods rely on the unbalanced torque of the car and the counterweight, so there is a certain rescue blind area, that is, when the weight of the car and the counterweight on both sides just reaches balance or the unbalanced torque is small, when the elevator car rushes to the top or squats to the bottom, the car cannot move and the rescue cannot be carried out only by manually or electrically releasing the brake.
(III) emergency electric operation rescue device
According to the provisions of 14.2.14 in GB7588, "for the elevator drive host with a force greater than 400N required for manual operation to lift the car with rated load, an emergency electric operation switch conforming to 14.1.2 shall be set in the machine room". Its principle: when the elevator speed limiter, safety gear, upstream overspeed protection device of the electrical switch action or the elevator top, squatting bottom lead to buffer electrical switch, limit switch and other actions, you can use the active electric operation device, short circuit the above electrical switch, the elevator convenient, fast and safe to open to the flat floor position, so as to achieve the purpose of rescue personnel. However, in practical application, this rescue method also has certain rescue blind areas, such as no electricity in the battery, leakage of electrolyte in the battery, no flat observation window, and the problem that the indicator light of the car reaching the flat area does not light up from time to time. Therefore, the elevator without machine room using emergency electric operation rescue device needs to strengthen daily maintenance and management, otherwise, the emergency electric operation device is useless and cannot achieve the real effect of emergency rescue. In the actual inspection process in previous years, it was found that some manufacturers confused emergency electric operation with maintenance operation. Or regardless of priority; What's more, emergency electric operation is maintenance operation plus a safety circuit short switch.
Emergency Rescue Methods of 2. Elevator Without Machine Room under Several Special Situations
When the regular rescue method of the machine room-less elevator cannot be rescued, the rescuers should first keep calm, get in touch with the trapped passengers through the car's communication device, appease the passengers, and inform the passengers that the elevator will start and stop many times during the rescue process. Please do not open the elevator door before you get permission. Then disconnect the power switch at the control cabinet to ensure that the power is not accidentally connected. Rescuers should conduct work hazard analysis on the scene, and use the most suitable rescue method to safely rescue trapped passengers in the shortest time. The following special circumstances may occur at the scene of trapped people.
Rescue method when the (I) is balanced load (the car and the counterweight are exactly balanced on both sides)
When there is a balanced load situation, the rescue personnel can take the weight on the top of the car, the car or the counterweight at the lower end of the pit according to the different conditions of the scene to change the balance state. At this time, rescue according to regular rescue methods. However, in the actual inspection process, it was found that the residential property personnel sold the rescue counterweight iron as scrap iron, and the trapped person failed to find the usable heavy object (elevator technology note: this is very common).
Rescue Method for (II) Traction Machine and Brake Failure
When the traction machine and brake failure occurs, the rescue personnel adopt different rescue methods according to the different positions of the car. If the car is at the bottom, enter the car top and install guide rail clamps on the guide rails of the cars on both sides. Use the lifting device to lift the car to a position slightly higher than the release of passengers, then touch the safety gear to lower the car, make the safety gear clamp the car, and keep the lifting device still in tension. Open the hall car door on the car top to rescue passengers. If it is found that the traction wire rope has been separated from the traction sheave rope groove, the suspension system should be restored to normal before rescue. If the car is on the top floor, enter the pit and install the guide rail clamp on the counterweight guide rail. Use the lifting device to pull the counterweight to move the car to the nearest level floor, and open the door through the emergency unlocking device to rescue the trapped passengers.
Rescue measures when the (III) car moves safely
When the car safety gear moves and the emergency electric upward operation cannot release the safety gear, the rescue personnel shall first determine the car position. If the car is on the ground floor, enter the car roof and install guide rail clamps on the two car guide rails. Use the lifting device to lift the car to a position where passengers can be released. Open the hall car door on the car roof to rescue passengers. If the car is on the top floor, enter the pit and install the guide rail clamp on the counterweight guide rail. Use the lifting device to pull down the counterweight to make the car move up and reset the safety tong, open the door through the emergency unlocking device to rescue the trapped passengers.
When the traction wire rope is broken or separated from the traction sheave groove and the safety gear acts, the lifting device still cannot move the car when lifting the car or counterweight. The local fire department should be called to assist in the rescue of passengers, and passengers can also be rescued by disassembling the ceiling of the car or the car wall and the hoistway wall (elevator technology: in the daily rescue process, the common rescue methods are invalid and the fourth method is basically adopted directly, and the first three methods can leave messages).
Source: The Elevator Circle
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