Lookout | Beware of Elevator "Running with Disease"

The "aging" of elevators in old residential areas is more prominent. These overdue elevators are unattended and difficult to replace, bringing hidden dangers to elevator safety.

Figure source network, picture and text independent

Behind the unattended and difficult replacement of elevators in old residential areas, there are industry chaos such as where the elevator maintenance costs come from, the absence of maintenance supervision by property companies and even self-theft, as well as elevator maintenance units filling in forms and scanning codes, and "replacing maintenance with maintenance".

Wen | "Liaowang" Newsweek reporter Zhao Jiulong Zheng Shengzhu Xia Peng

The elevator fall accident of Yunnan Maitreya commercial complex, the elevator fall accident of Hunan Changsha residential district ...... The recent elevator accidents in many places have caused the society to pay close attention to the elevator safety.

A reporter from "Liaowang" Newsweek learned that as special equipment, the number of elevators in my country has reached 10 million. In particular, elevators in some old residential areas are faced with contradictions such as overdue service overhaul and replacement. In addition, elevator maintenance is in chaos in industries such as "repair instead of insurance", and the hidden risks of elevators should not be underestimated.

The people's livelihood fact of elevator maintenance and replacement is a new topic of grassroots governance. To strengthen the intelligence, informatization and visualization of elevator daily maintenance and supervision, and to clear the maintenance units that make up the number in time, it is urgent for multiple departments to work together to solve the problem.

Elevator "sick service" failure

In some places, the elevators in the old residential areas are unattended and difficult to replace, which makes the residents complain incessantly.

The house age of Yasheyuan Community in Qinhuai District of Nanjing City is more than 20 years. Some building elevators have failed continuously. Some owners have repeatedly complained to the person in charge of the property and the local community and reported for repair to no avail. "The elevator suddenly stopped and couldn't open the door. It suddenly rose when riding. Sometimes it stopped at random. It lasted for several years, and the repair report was delayed for many times." The community owner said.

Elevator "sick operation" is not a case. Taking Jiangsu, which ranks second in the country in terms of elevator ownership, as an example, according to the statistics of 96333 elevator emergency disposal service platform, the average monthly failure rate of elevators used for 16 to 20 years is 0.61, which is higher than the average level of the whole province.

Elevator "sick service" and elevator "aging", as well as "new house old ladder" and so on.

It is understood that the old elevator has been used for a long time, and the aging and wear of components are prone to safety hazards. At the same time, some refined decoration real estate developers use elevators with high intensity, which may also cause the owners to move to their new homes and face "new houses and old ladders". For example, about 40% of the passenger elevator troubles in Nanjing occurred in elevators with a service life of 1 to 5 years.

Elevator "aging" phenomenon is increasing. The reporter learned that there are more than 100000 elevators in an eastern city, and the "aging" of high-rise elevators is more prominent. Among them, about 10,000 passenger elevators have been used for more than 15 years. According to data from the Jiangsu Provincial Market Supervision Administration, there are 43100 elevators in use in the province for more than 15 years. What is even more worrying is that the old elevators are still growing at a rate of thousands per year.

Where is the elevator maintenance difficult?

Behind the unattended and difficult replacement of elevators in old residential areas lies the paradox of where the elevator maintenance costs come from and "those who use them do not care, those who manage them do not use them.

On the one hand, the owners of the old community and property companies have disputes over the cost of overhauling elevators and updating elevators.

A case study of Zhushan Huating District, Jiangning District, Nanjing City. Residents reported that the community was built less than ten years ago, and the two elevators in Building 1 broke down one after another. One broke down for about a year, and the other also broke down in late October this year, and the buttons did not respond. A total of 19 floors of high-rise buildings, more than 80 households and cleaners travel can only climb the stairs.

The residential property manager said that the elevator failure was due to long-term overload operation and the steel belt was broken. At present, the public income of the residential area is already negative, and the owners need to sign and use the public maintenance fund to repair the elevator. However, the members of the industry committee hope that the property will use the public income to repair the elevator. They are deadlocked with each other and the elevator maintenance is shelved.

The source of funds is a common problem that restricts the maintenance and renewal of elevators in old residential areas. The person in charge of the special division of Jiangsu market supervision and Administration Bureau said that in order to eliminate the potential safety hazards of elevators in old residential areas, Jiangsu plans to carry out safety assessment and regular inspection of 19000 old residential elevators in Jiangsu Province in three years. "Assessment is not a problem, but the renovation involves public opinions and costs. Some old neighborhoods need to apply for public maintenance funds for elevator overhaul, but some old neighborhoods have long run out of public maintenance funds or are not enough, and sometimes it is difficult to push forward."

Elevator maintenance units fill in the form, sweep the code and go through the motions, "repair instead of insurance" and other industry chaos is another problem of elevator maintenance.

An elevator maintenance and installation worker in Wuxi who has been working for more than 30 years said that the safe operation of elevators depends on preventive maintenance. Only when daily maintenance is in place can failures and even safety accidents be reduced. However, a considerable proportion of elevators are not maintained according to the specifications. Some maintenance personnel even go to the scene to fill in a record sheet and scan a code. "It is clear at a glance whether there is any real maintenance, whether there is any oil on the guide rail and whether the roof of the car is clean, while the owner can only see the record sheet and information card, so it is impossible to judge."

"Replacing insurance with repair" is also a chronic disease of elevator maintenance. The reporter learned that when some elevator maintenance enterprises first registered to obtain qualifications, they would temporarily call on qualified personnel and then solicit maintenance business at low prices, resulting in vicious low-price competition in the elevator maintenance industry. some even breed chaos such as "replacing insurance with repair" in order to survive. For example, according to the operation requirements, a maintenance personnel shall bear the maintenance of less than 30 elevators. If the maintenance cost of each elevator is calculated according to the market price of 3000 yuan, it is difficult to cover the salary and daily expenses of the personnel. "Maintenance units fake maintenance, less maintenance, elevator is more likely to break down, maintenance units can take more maintenance business, earn more." The above industry insiders introduced.

In addition, some old residential properties in the elevator maintenance in the absence of a situation or even self-theft.

It is understood that the elevator industry pays attention to "three points by products and seven points by maintenance". Regular maintenance is an important guarantee for the safe and smooth operation of elevators. However, the ownership and use rights of elevators in residential areas belong to the owners, and the daily operation and management are the responsibility of the property company.

Industry insiders explained that the property company bears important management and coordination responsibilities in the daily maintenance and overhaul of elevators. The property company needs to implement the main responsibility of safety, equip elevator safety administrators as required, urge the maintenance unit to maintain as required, and sign and confirm the maintenance process. However, people in the industry reported that some property companies not only dereliction of duty on the daily management and protection of elevators, but also some property companies and elevator maintenance construction units operate in secret, taking elevator maintenance funds by means of "minor illness overhaul" and even colluding with each other to embezzle public maintenance funds.

Let the maintenance process see the sunshine

It is very urgent to crack the maintenance and renewal of elevators in old residential areas, and to resolve the overdue service of elevators and "operation with diseases.

First of all, people in the industry suggest innovating the supervision means of elevator maintenance process, increasing the punishment for illegal enterprises such as relying on affiliated licenses and "replacing insurance with repair" to carry out business, so as to clear the bad track maintenance units in a timely manner.

The person in charge of the Mechanical and Electrical Technology Center of Jiangsu Special equipment Safety Supervision and Inspection Institute said that in order to improve the effectiveness, scientificity and authenticity of elevator maintenance, southern Jiangsu is exploring the implementation of "paperless maintenance". On-site photos, maintenance items, problems and defects and other information can be seen on the mobile phone APP. It is suggested to explore more visual process supervision technology, improve the transparency of maintenance information, and urge maintenance enterprises to operate in compliance.

Secondly, experts believe that it is necessary for many departments to work together to solve the livelihood problem of elevator overhaul and renewal in old residential areas. For example, market supervision, housing construction and other departments can form a linkage mechanism with the local town and street communities to explore ways to raise funds and use them, and gather wisdom to promote fine governance. At the same time, urge the property management unit to implement the main responsibility of the elevator unit, increase the audit of the daily use of funds of the property company, and guard against illegal acts such as making profits from the elevator overhaul and replacement.

Third, to explore and improve the elevator overdue use of compulsory scrap system. According to the "Special Equipment Safety Supervision Regulations", special equipment exceeds the service life specified in the safety technical specifications, and the special equipment user shall be scrapped in time. However, as mechanical and electrical special equipment, there is currently no mandatory periodic retirement age for elevators in China. Industry insiders call for the compulsory inspection of elevators that have been used for more than 15 years to be shortened from once a year to once every 6 months, and the compulsory scrapping mechanism of elevators should be improved, such as failing multiple cycles of inspection or overhauling more than 3 times during use, and the service life of more than 15 years old elevators should be scrapped.

In addition, experts suggest that we can learn from the experience of financing the renovation and installation of elevators in old residential areas, and explore a certain amount of subsidies for elevator replacement. Consider the fact that elevators are normally replaced twice in a residential life cycle (70 years), and set up special elevator replacement funds in advance in the construction or sale of high-rise residential buildings.

Source: Xinhua News Agency

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