Liaoning legislation to crack the elevator safety supervision problem

□ Our reporter Han Yu

□ Correspondent of this newspaper, Shi Long, Zhou Weijiao

Elevator brings convenience to people at the same time, there are many security risks. In recent years, elevator damage, trapped people, car operation failure and other situations often occur, elevator door pinch injury, squeeze injury, falling and other accidents are not an example, elevator safety problems are increasingly prominent, elevator safety hazards have become the "invisible killer" around residents ". According to statistics, there are nearly 220000 elevators in Liaoning Province, and they are increasing at a rate of about 15% per year.

On November 24, 2020, the 23rd meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress of Liaoning Province voted to pass the "Regulations on Elevator Safety Management in Liaoning Province" (hereinafter referred to as the "Regulations"), which has been officially implemented on February 1 this year. The regulations not only specifically regulate the relevant responsibilities of the responsible subjects in the production, operation, use, maintenance, inspection and testing of elevators in the traditional elevator management mode, but also give prominence to the leading role of legislation in reform and development, innovate with ideas and models, and solve the problems of elevator safety supervision.

Reflect the legislative "sense of the times"

In the process of investigating and revising the draft regulations, the standing Committee of the Liaoning Provincial people's Congress found that although the revision and improvement based on the traditional management model can solve some practical problems, there is a big gap between the expectations of the people. For this reason, the leaders of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress proposed that elevator safety management should not be limited to the "repair and repair" of the traditional management model. It must dare to subvert the old model, make full use of modern information technology, and use innovative management concepts and models to empower elevator safety management., So that elevator management fully reflects the sense of the times.

To this end, the Standing Committee of the Liaoning Provincial People's Congress has reviewed the draft of the "Regulations" every other time, so that the time schedule is subject to the quality of legislation. Concentrated use of four months, in-depth investigation and research of modern technology companies such as big data, and held 6 symposiums to repeatedly study, demonstrate and calculate with relevant departments, industry insiders, and technical experts, and established relying on 5G, big data, and Internet of Things And other modern information technologies to establish a centralized and unified management service model for the entire life cycle of elevators in the province.

"In terms of specific operation, through the installation of elevator intelligent devices, real-time monitoring of the operation of various components, and uploading the monitoring data to the province's elevator safety public information service platform, promote the province's elevator networking, and realize the prediction of components for each elevator The service life and maintenance time node, the first time rescue and other purposes." The relevant person in charge of the Legislative Affairs Committee of the Standing Committee of the Liaoning Provincial People's Congress introduced that with the help of the huge market of 220000 elevators in the province, the cost of elevator purchase, use, and maintenance has been greatly reduced, without raising the existing elevator fee standards of the people. Under the circumstances, it can realize the service management of the entire life cycle of elevator use, maintenance, inspection and testing, as well as transformation and renewal, let the new management model show the strong vitality and market attraction that the traditional management model cannot match.

Eliminate hidden danger "fetal belt"

There are many reasons for elevator safety hazards. Among them, due to improper selection, configuration, and communication devices, especially the problems caused by lax architectural design and construction control, it is an important factor that leads to the "fetal belt" of elevator safety hazards.

The "Regulations" provide for housing construction links to ensure elevator safety from the source. The architectural design unit shall design the number and parameters of elevators in the building in accordance with the relevant national regulations and standards, set up the installation space of the shaft and car mobile communication facilities, and ensure that the elevator selection, configuration, and communication devices are compatible with the building structure and use requirements., Taking into account the functional requirements of safety, first aid, fire protection, barrier-free passage and so on; the construction drawing review organization shall review the contents of the mandatory standards related to the elevator configuration in the construction drawing design documents of the construction project in accordance with the law. The construction unit shall select, configure and purchase elevators in accordance with relevant safety technical specifications, standards, elevator engineering design documents and the requirements agreed in the contract, and reserve the required pipe holes and facilities for the construction of elevator car communication network. Before the installation, transformation and repair of elevators, the construction unit shall prepare a safety construction plan, implement safety protection measures and other on-site safety production conditions, and check the elevator machine room, hoistway, pit, passage and other civil engineering and elevator quality in accordance with the requirements of elevator design documents and standards, and only after confirming that they meet the requirements can the construction begin.

At the same time, the "Regulations" also put forward new requirements for elevator manufacturing, clarified the obligations that elevator manufacturing units should perform, established an acceptance and traceability system for elevator complete machines and important parts, and uploaded data to the elevator safety management service platform in a timely manner.

Monitoring has "clairvoyance"

At present, the shortage of elevator maintenance personnel and the increasing number of elevators have brought tremendous pressure to the elevator maintenance industry. Problems such as uneven maintenance quality, vicious competition in the industry, and imperfect maintenance information systems have become more and more prominent. The elevator Internet of Things is Solving these problems provides new ideas.

According to the person in charge of the Legal Affairs Commission, the elevator Internet of Things relies on advanced technical means such as big data and fault pre-diagnosis to enable supervision and maintenance personnel to grasp the elevator's operating status, monitoring information, and hidden dangers in real time, and eliminate possible accidents in the early stages., To achieve more convenient and rapid rescue of trapped people. With video surveillance, emergency rescue platform and other information means, the elevator Internet of things can guarantee the personal safety of the elevator passengers to the greatest extent.

To this end, the Regulations stipulate the application of information technologies such as the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence, and use a new generation of information technologies such as artificial intelligence to establish and improve a unified elevator safety management service platform across the province. Inspection, testing, emergency rescue, etc. carry out the whole process of quality and safety management and risk control, and gradually establish a digital elevator life cycle management service mechanism.

The "Regulations" also stipulate that the newly installed elevators are equipped with monitoring devices with elevator operation parameter collection and network remote transmission functions, which meet the data interface standards of the elevator safety management service platform and upload data in real time. For the use of manned elevators, the provincial market supervision and management departments should also stipulate the time limit for them to meet the technical standards. The elevator maintenance unit shall use the monitoring device with operation parameter collection and network remote transmission function to take targeted on-site maintenance according to the real-time online inspection and monitoring maintenance to ensure the safe operation of the elevator.

Sort out the "muddled account" of expenses"

Some communities have clearly paid the elevator maintenance fee, why are there still a lot of minor elevator problems?

"Although the ownership of the elevator belongs to the owner, the pricing power of elevator maintenance lies with the property company. In order to reduce expenses, some property companies entrust maintenance companies with low quality and low price, which lays potential safety hazards for elevator operation." The person in charge of the Legal Affairs Commission said that the appearance of frequent elevator safety accidents is that the elevator maintenance is not in place. Deeply speaking, the main root causes are that the elevator maintenance cost is not in place, the elevator fee is mixed with the property management fee, the management responsibility of the property service enterprise is unclear, the elevator minor illness is not repaired, the overhaul is applied for the housing maintenance fund, and the saved elevator fee has become a regulatory blank.

The "Regulations" clearly stipulate the special use of elevator fees in the form of legislation. If the elevator owner entrusts the management of a property service company, the collection of elevator operation and maintenance fees shall be agreed upon by the elevator owner and the property service company in the property service contract. Elevator operation and maintenance expenses are used for daily management expenses such as elevator operation and maintenance, inspection, testing, insurance and parts loss and replacement, and are earmarked. Property service enterprises at least once a year to announce the income and expenditure, subject to the owners and owners committee supervision. In this way, the elevator maintenance costs are guaranteed, the insurance premium for elevator safety liability has a source, and the safe operation of the elevator has a "booster".

Promotion and operation of "professional households"

The Standing Committee of the Liaoning Provincial People's Congress found in the legislative investigation that in a residential area in Anshan City, some owners have repeatedly reported to the property that an elevator was operating with great noise, and the lives of the owners of the top and second top floors were seriously affected. The problem has not been solved for many years due to the lack of elevator renovation costs.

This is more common in older neighborhoods. To this end, an enterprise in Liaoning took the lead in trying: in this community, it obtained the right to operate the elevator by accepting entrustment, provided professional maintenance of the elevator, increased the trouble-free running time and service life, and solved the headache problem of the community owners.

The person in charge of the Legal Affairs Commission said that this is a brand-new management model. The management of elevators is reformed in accordance with the management model of public equipment such as water, electricity, and gas, and the elevator management right is separated from the original property company's service authority. It is managed by a professional elevator operating organization, allowing professional people to do professional things.

"Regulations" conform to the new trend of reform and development, adapt to the new needs of practice for this management mode, put forward the concept of "elevator professional operation unit", and stipulate that the elevator owner can entrust the elevator professional operation unit to manage, and the elevator operation and maintenance fee shall be charged by the elevator owner and the elevator professional operation unit in the entrustment contract, it is used for daily management of elevator operation and maintenance, inspection, testing, insurance and parts loss and replacement, as well as elevator renewal and renovation expenses.

The system design of the regulations, under the market-oriented operation mode, with the help of the huge scale market of elevators in the whole province, will greatly reduce the prices of elevator purchase, repair and maintenance, and transform the short-term maintenance behavior into a professional operation mechanism of elevator life cycle, so as to achieve the ultimate effect of ensuring elevator safety.

Cartoon/Gao Yue (Han Yu Shilong Zhou Weijiao)

Source: Tencent.

Website:https://new.qq.com/omn/20210207/20210207A01AXV00.html

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